13 research outputs found
miRNA Signatures in Sera of Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Several studies showed that assessing levels of specific circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) is a non-invasive, rapid, and accurate method for diagnosing diseases or detecting alterations in physiological conditions. We aimed to identify a serum miRNA signature to be used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). To account for variations due to the genetic makeup, we enrolled adults from two study settings in Europe and Africa. The following categories of subjects were considered: healthy (H), active pulmonary TB (PTB), active pulmonary TB, HIV co-infected (PTB/HIV), latent TB infection (LTBI), other pulmonary infections (OPI), and active extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB). Sera from 10 subjects of the same category were pooled and, after total RNA extraction, screened for miRNA levels by TaqMan low-density arrays. After identification of "relevant miRNAs", we refined the serum miRNA signature discriminating between H and PTB on individual subjects. Signatures were analyzed for their diagnostic performances using a multivariate logistic model and a Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) model. A leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV) approach was adopted for assessing how both models could perform in practice. The analysis on pooled specimens identified selected miRNAs as discriminatory for the categories analyzed. On individual serum samples, we showed that 15 miRNAs serve as signature for H and PTB categories with a diagnostic accuracy of 82% (CI 70.2-90.0), and 77% (CI 64.2-85.9) in a RVM and a logistic classification model, respectively. Considering the different ethnicity, by selecting the specific signature for the European group (10 miRNAs) the diagnostic accuracy increased up to 83% (CI 68.1-92.1), and 81% (65.0-90.3), respectively. The African-specific signature (12 miRNAs) increased the diagnostic accuracy up to 95% (CI 76.4-99.1), and 100% (83.9-100.0), respectively. Serum miRNA signatures represent an interesting source of biomarkers for TB disease with the potential to discriminate between PTB and LTBI, but also among the other categories
Focused ultrasound to diagnose HIV-associated tuberculosis (FASH) in the extremely resource-limited setting of South Sudan: a cross-sectional study
Our cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic performance of Focused Assessment with Sonography for HIV-associated tuberculosis (FASH) to detect extrapulmonary tuberculosis in extremely resource-limited settings, with visceral leishmaniasis as a differential diagnosis with overlapping sonographic feature
Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) based on Akaike information criterion (AIC) logistic regression for the 15-miRNA signature.
<p>AUC: area under the curve. The AIC model identified as the best performing miRNA signature the following: miR-let-7e, miR-146a, miR-16, miR-25, miR-365, miR-451, miR-885-5p, miR-223*.</p
Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) based on Akaike information criterion (AIC) logistic regression for the 10-miRNA signature specific for <i>TBnew</i> population.
<p>AUC: area under the curve. The AIC model identified as the best performing miRNA signature the following: miR-let-7e, miR-192, miR-25, miR-451.</p
Criteria for the inclusion in the study population.
<p>Criteria for the inclusion in the study population.</p
Diagnostic performances of the serum miRNA signatures in the Relevance Vector Machine (RVM).
<p>The Table reports diagnostic performances already corrected for the leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV).</p
Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) based on Akaike information criterion (AIC) logistic regression for the 12-miRNA signature specific for <i>TB CHILD</i> population.
<p>AUC: area under the curve.</p
Comparison between the serum miRNA signature found in the present and the miRNAs reported in the previous studies.
<p>Comparison between the serum miRNA signature found in the present and the miRNAs reported in the previous studies.</p
Summary of candidate serum miRNAs selected as relevant to discriminate among the categories according to the analysis of pooled specimens.
<p>Population and category of pooled specimens are reported on the circumference. The thickness of the ribbons connecting two categories is proportional to the number of miRNAs potentially interesting in the discrimination between the categories linked.</p
Serum miRNA levels in pulmonary active tuberculosis (PTB) subjects as compared with healthy controls (H).
<p>The table reports data from individual and pooled specimens. Discrepancies are marked by <i>x</i>.</p